If you had gone to Hollister,they would have given you a discount. This is called the modal perfect tense. : He may have missed the bus. The past conditional is a compound tense, and follows the exact same agreement rules as passé composé. Yes, 'could not have' would express impossibility here. B. All the best, Kirk All the items are expensive. John:I bought my hat at Walmart. O lo podría haber puesto en la caja equivocada y prestado a ustedes por accidente. 'may not' would mean the same as 'might have'. However, in some cases you can use could have without the “if” phrase. He was supposed to be here an hour ago but he could have been stuck in a traffic jam. If she hadn’t been so bad-tempered, I might have married her. The bus drivers might not have been able to see the smaller, lower car. He said work has been busy this week.” Had is the past participle of the verb to have This is called the modal perfect tense. She could have taken the wrong bus. Andy:I don't like Walmart. ... Summary: Following clause must be in past tense if main clause is in the past participle to be considered well formed. teacherdehnavi Senior Member. 'could have' can also be used to make guesses about the past, and thus could also be used here, but most of the time we use 'might have' or 'may have' to do this. David: She must have forgotten about our date. MIGHT HAVE; Might expresses an opinion: an uncertain guess, a speculation, based on very little information. He may have said he was coming but I can’t really remember. The negative forms are : Shouldn't have/Couldn't have/Wouldn't have. Imagine you’re driving with a person who makes a dangerous maneuver on the road. Vincent: “Everyone’s here except Brad.” Ian: “He might’ve had to work late tonight. i might have put it in the wrong case and lent it to you by accident. In English, the past conditional could also be “could have”, “should have”, “might have”. The road might have been blocked. 'may have' means the same thing as 'might have' here. Past modal verbs are must, could, might and may with have + past participle to talk about suppositions or speculations regarding a past event. Will: “You might’ve been able to get better seats if you got there earlier.” Been is the past participle of the verb to be. Yeah, i might have extra. We use may have, could have, might have to say that it was possible that something happened in the past (but we are not 100% sure). might / might not have + past participle; could / couldn't have + past participle; may / may not have + past participle; can't have + past participle; For example: You: Where was Julie last night? Modals in Past, Modal + Have + Participle Modal + have + participle Modal Concept Example Would have Past unreal action If I had guessed the future, I would have taken some precautions againist what would happen. She might have worked late. May / might / could have: expressing past probability: Structure: modal + have + past participle may have been, could have gone, might have lost, etc. Persian Aug 21, 2018 #14 to have + present perfect I have … May have Past unreal possibility We may have passed the math exam, but it was in Spanish. Past Conditional In French . Might have expresses an opinion about an earlier (past) situation.. A GUESS: The car driver might have tried to pass between two buses.. One of the bus drivers might have changed lanes without looking first.. Might have/may have/could have + past participle We use ‘might have/may have/could have + past participle’ when we are not sure about something but we think it was possible. Could have is often used with “if + had + past participle” (If I had gone / if she hadn’t fallen) – these “if” phrases express the imaginary past situation. Could have Past unreal ability He could have taken the flight. 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